Definition and Examples of Senders in Communication

In the  communication process, the sender is the individual who initiates a message  and is also called the  communicator or source of communication. The sender might be a  speaker, a writer, or someone who merely gestures. The individual or the group of individuals who responds to the sender is called the receiver  or audience. In communication and speech theory, the reputation of the sender is important in providing credibility and validation to his or her statements and speech, but attractiveness and friendliness, too, play roles in a receivers interpretation of a senders message. From the  ethos  of the senders rhetoric to the  persona  he or she portrays, the senders role in communication sets not only the tone but the expectation of the conversation between the sender and the audience. In writing, though, the response is delayed and relies more on the senders reputation than image. Communication Process Every communication involves two key elements: the sender and the receiver, wherein the sender conveys an idea or concept, seeks information, or expresses a thought or emotion, and the receiver gets that message. In Understanding Management, Richard Daft and Dorothy Marcic explain how the sender can communicate by selecting symbols with which to compose a message. Then this tangible formulation of the idea is sent to the receiver, where it is decoded to interpret the meaning. As a result, being clear and concise as a sender is important to start the communication well, especially in written correspondence. Unclear messages carry with them a higher risk of being misinterpreted and eliciting a response from the audience that the sender did not intend. A.C. Buddy Krizan defines a senders key role in the communication process in Business Communication as including (a) selecting the type of message, (b) analyzing the receiver, (c) using the you-viewpoint, (d) encouraging feedback, and (e) removing communication barriers. Senders Credibility and Attractiveness A thorough analysis by the receiver of a senders message is imperative in conveying the right message and eliciting the desired results because the audiences evaluation of the speaker largely determines their reception of a given form of communication. Daniel J. Levi describes in Group Dynamics for Teams the idea of a good persuasive speaker as a  highly credible communicator, whereas a communicator with low credibility may cause the audience to believe the opposite of the message (sometimes called the boomerang effect). A college professor, he posits, may be an expert in his or her field, but the students might not consider him or her an expert in social or political topics. This idea of a speakers credibility based on perceived competence and character, sometimes called an ethos, was developed more than 2,000 years ago in ancient Greece, according to Deanna Sellnows Confident Public Speaking. Sellnow goes on to say that because listeners often have a difficult time separating the message from the sender, good ideas can easily be discounted if the sender does not establish ethos via content, delivery, and structure.

The Effects Of Alcohol On Alcohol Abuse Essay - 1115 Words

Dependance on alcohol has been around ever since its creation and records of writing existed. From Biblical commandments clearly restricting the drink due to its destructive and addictive nature to the celebrities on tv screens and music devices glorifying the substance, alcohol has always been part of various cultures. Being the number one drug problem in the U.S with over 12 million people reportedly being alcoholics and of those 7 million being binge drinkers between the ages 12-20, it comes as no surprise that beneath its shiny and glamorous exterior, this drink comes with its set of problems (Alcohol Abuse Statistics.). In American society today many people think that being an alcoholic simply stems from laziness and the lack of will to â€Å"simply stop.† There is much more to this disorder than having one too many drinks at a bar that people are either ignorant to or just ignore for the sake of judging other individuals. Just like famous English philosopher,William Penn , said: â€Å"All excess is ill, but drunkenness is of the worst sort. It spoils health, dismounts the mind, and unmans men. It reveals secrets, is quarrelsome, lascivious, impudent, dangerous and mad.†( Alcoholism Quotes.). So with all these consequences associated with alcohol, why do people drink? What is alcoholism? Who does it affect? Why does it happen? How can it be solved? Dependance on alcohol, otherwise known as alcoholism is defined as a treatable chronic disease where your body becomesShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Alcohol Abuse On Alcohol882 Words   |  4 Pagesme is alcohol. I often notice underage adolescents drinking and I also distinguish how they become different people when intoxicated by alcohol. They begin to walk funny and they tend to slur their words, making it hard to comprehend anything they are saying. I have watched family members who were so inebriated that they could not even spell their own name or even pinpoint who they were. The questions I always ask myself when I see these drunk college kids is â€Å"Do these kids know the effects of alcoholismRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On Alcohol Abuse942 Words   |  4 PagesEveryday around the world people fail to realize the effects alcohol abuse can have on themselves as well as their loved ones. Alcohol can be highly addictive, and plague an individual s life. Individuals who suffer from alcohol abuse go through various withdrawal symptoms when attempting to cease from drinking alcohol. There are various methods alcohol abusers to quit using alcohol. For adults who abuse alcohol, achieving abstinence can be an arduous process that can be overcome with the perseveranceRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On Alcohol Abuse941 Words   |  4 PagesEvery day around the world, people fail to realize the effects alcohol abuse can have on themselves as well as their loved ones. Alcohol is highly addictive, and can plague an individual s life. People who suffer from alcohol abuse go through various withdrawal symptoms when attempting to cease from drinking alcohol. There are various methods alcohol abusers to quit using alcohol. For adults who abuse alcohol, achieving abstinence can be an arduous process that can be overcome with the perseveranceRead MoreThe Effects of Alcohol Abuse1472 Words   |  6 Pagesdoing things they should not. Alcohol is one of those things. Alcohol is extremely easy to get ahold of. It can be attained from anywhere; there are bars and liquor stores on every corner. One can get alcohol in grocery stores, gas stations, people can even brew it themselves if they know how. Alcohol that is commonly abused comes in a large variety ranging from weaker alcohols like wine and beer to stronger substances like tequila and vodka. When one abuses alcohol it taints the minds of even theRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On Alcohol Abuse1965 Words   |  8 PagesAs of January 2015 alcohol related deaths were represented as accountable for approximat ely 6% of deaths worldwide. That is 3.3 million deaths from alcohol related car accidents to alcohol poisoning. The consumption of alcohol can be tied with being a factor in a variety of diseases, disabilities, tragedies, and crimes. An estimate of over 76 million people suffer from alcohol dependence and abuse. Consumption of alcohol can become a serious threat to personal and public health when an individualRead MoreEffects of Alcohol Abuse1616 Words   |  7 PagesAlcohol abuse The term alcohol abuse in this case encompasses harmful use of alcohol and misuse of alcohol resulting from dependence. The experience of alcohol abuse can have far-reaching consequences on the family, the community, and the nation. According to NIDA, drug and substance abuse costs the nation $600 Billion every year. This cost factors in crime, healthcare, and lost productivity. Alcohol accounts for 40% of this cost. It is, therefore, necessary, within the context of the family, toRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol And Drug Abuse919 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of Alcohol and Drug Abuse There may be some things that you don t know about the impact of drug and alcohol abuse on friends and family and how your friends and family may react to your choices. Having knowledge about alcohol and drug abuse, preventing toxic relationship with friends, and being informed about the consequences of drug and alcohol abuse can prevent the harmful use or consumption of drugs and alcohol. First and foremost, having knowledgeable information on the impact drugsRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol Abuse On The Family1518 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact this is having on her relationship with my mom and family. To say my step mom is an addict would truly be an understatement because of her need and crave for it each day. Unfortunately, alcohol abuse is not often taken serious and many people have a tough time understanding the effects of alcohol abuse on the entire family as opposed to just the abuser. Since Tina was a young age, she knew she was a lesbian and made it a point to hide this from her family and friends. She began to create aRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol Abuse On Children1698 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The influence of alcohol advertising has been around for many years. People don’t understand the damage that alcohol abuse can cause and will cause if someone decides to start drinking on a regular. Often time’s people begin to drink because they are stressed and becomes a habit that one can no longer over come. Once down that road it is hard to recover, but if you are willing to recover there is always clinics and family that will help. Alcohol abuse and enslavement are enormous currentRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol Abuse On The Body991 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of alcohol abuse Alcohol abuse has become a growing problem in the U.S. today. Even though alcohol prevents certain illness and extends life, alcohol abuse needs to be controlled before it gets to out of hand because it has many negative effects on a person’s body, it can cause harm to children mentally and physically, and not only affects the person drinking it but the people around them. Alcohol abuse has many negative effects on the body. One way it affects the body is through the heart

Discrimination against women free essay sample

Discrimination against women is still a global social epidemic today. Is this true? Women work two-thirds of the world’s working hours and produce half of the world’s food, yet they only earn 10 per cent of the world’s income and own less than 1 per cent of the world’s property and only 12. 7 per cent of all parliamentary seats. These statistics show that women are still being discriminated throughout the globe and it is a wake-up call for everyone to the severity of this issue. Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudice treatment of different categories of people, in this case between female and male. A few areas where discrimination against women occurs globally are the dehumanising practices against women, women rape cases, and the glass ceiling in jobs for women. One area in which women are discriminated is that there are dehumanising practices against women. Dehumanising practices are acts that deny the â€Å"humanness† of a person, it occurs discursively, symbolically or physically. We will write a custom essay sample on Discrimination against women or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Women are abused both verbally and physically in many parts of the world, such as India and Africa. In 28 countries, ranging from east to west, there are cases of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), and it has absolutely no benefits for the women, and its main purpose is to deprive them of the pleasure of sex to ensure that they don’t cheat on their husbands. However, FGM brings about harmful side effects to the women’s bodies; which are bleeding and infections as well as complications to child-birth and all of which may lead to death. Women are the only one who undergoes this, men don’t need to do such things as women are viewed to be the weaker sex and are to be controlled. Dehumanising practices causes nothing but harm to women who experience it, and it is still practiced in various parts of the world, mostly in developing countries, and as such serves to support the point that discrimination against women is still a global social epidemic today. Another area which depicts that women are discriminated against is the numerous rape cases occurring throughout the world. Rape is defined as an instrument used by men to subjugate women, and as women are often seen as objects of desire, men desires them and uses rape to subjugate women. In India, rape and abuse of women is common, as the society is patriarchal. There are over 80,000 rape cases in India that are pending investigation, yet the police or the government have not made significant changes and efforts to resolve this problem. As seen from the above, there is evidence that people’s mind-set does not change easily. In the past, gender discrimination was a common occurrence throughout the world. Although most of the world have moved past gender discrimination, but there are still countries practicing gender discrimination, and it is not one or two, but big enough to make an impact on the world overall. Hence discrimination against women is still a global social epidemic today. One unseen source of discrimination against women is that there are glass ceilings in jobs for women. Although most societies have moved past gender discrimination, but there is still differences in treatment between men and women, no matter how small in society, and it is mostly observed in workplaces. As the level of authority and power in workplaces and jobs increase, it is observed that there are less and less women in these levels, only 12. 7 per cent of all parliamentary seats are claimed by women. Women finds it harder and harder to promote in workplaces, as there is an unseen glass ceiling that is hindering them, discrimination still prevails even after a few decades of the â€Å"removal of gender discrimination†, just that now it is more discreet and not that obvious. Hence, discrimination against women is still a global social epidemic today.

Moralistic play Essay Example For Students

Moralistic play Essay The Inspector is the major device that Priestley uses to entertain and educate his audience. He uses him as a mouthpiece to portray his socialist philosophy to the audience. This is particularly shown when the Inspector delivers a final speech, which is rather like a sermon, before he departs. He states that One Eva Smith has gone but there are millions and millions and millions of Eva Smiths and John Smiths still left with us, indicating that there are many people like her who will need help. The use of common name Smith implies that the Christian ethics of Love thy neighbour applies to every person. He also lectures not only the family but also the audience that we are members of one body and we are responsible for each other, highlighting the central theme of responsibility. However, if this lesson is not learnt, then they will be taught in fire and blood and anguish. This preaching from the Inspector contrasts with Mr. Birlings speech at the beginning, when he foolishly educates Gerald and Eric that a man has to mind his own business and we are not part of a community and all that nonsense. Priestley cleverly structured these two speeches so that both the audience today and in 1945 would respond to the Inspectors socialist views, making Mr. Birling seem selfish and arrogant. Another way in which Priestleys message is expressed to the modern audience is through the other interpretations as shown in the play. As Priestley is interested in the concept of time, the Priestley Shorts production applies this idea by shifting the play between the modern times and the Edwardian period to show that the message is as relevant today as it was in 1946. The director uses matters that are present in the modern society, such as ambulances and colloquial language, to allow the audience to be able to relate to the play. When the Inspector leaves, they start to speculate whether the Inspector is real, making Mr. and Mrs. Birling rather excited and hoping that a scandal can be avoided. However, for Sheila and Eric it doesnt make any real difference. Sheila even attempts to argue against her parents about them being childish-not trying to face the facts. Her assertive attitude suggests she might have been influenced by the Suffragette Movement, which was a political movement in 1912 that demanded the right for women to vote and be respected equally by society. Through this, Priestley educates his audience to build a better society, with no gender or class divisions. A successful method that Priestley uses to educate his audience is by means of dividing the generations in the play. The familys suspicions about the Inspector are confirmed when Gerald returns to the house and they gradually discover that he was a hoax and no girl has died, releasing some of the tension and making Gerald and Mr. and Mrs. Birling become relaxed and begin to celebrate triumphantly. However, Sheila and Eric retain their fixed belief that everything we said had happened really had happened. Throughout the course of the play, the younger members of the family show that they are aware of the consequences of their action by accepting the blame and expressing sincere regrets and sympathy for Eva Smith. For instance, in Act One, Sheilas reaction to the news about Eva Smiths death is How horrible! The contrasting reactions of the younger and older members of the family links back to their response at the news about Eva Smith and to the Inspectors comment in Act Two, that the young people are more impressionable. As the older generation seems to be already fixed in its attitudes, the hope is left with the younger ones to improve the society by performing their moral duties towards the Eva Smiths and John Smiths. .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab , .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .postImageUrl , .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab , .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab:hover , .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab:visited , .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab:active { border:0!important; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab:active , .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueb61487f47640fd0a3f67b96ddc187ab:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Shakespeare's Presentation of Isabella in Act 5 of the Play EssayTension and suspense are the other methods that Priestley uses to sustain the audiences interest. When Mr. Birling answers the telephone to discover that a girl has just diedand a police inspector is on his way here to ask some questions, the tension is restored very dramatically. This particular sequence is highly entertaining and educating as Priestley concludes the play leaving the characters and the audience with a final twist in the tale. This would be very dramatic on stage as we see the facial expressions and reactions of the characters at this unexpected revelation. As the curtain falls, they stare guiltily and dumbfounded, left to experience the events for the second time. By ending the play on a cliffhanger, the audience are left reflecting on the events of the play and its significance. Priestley skilfully structures the play with dramatic conclusions of each Act in order to maintain the audiences interest, leaving them anxious to see more. As one critic, Tim Bezant, states the audiences interest is sustainedby their desire to find out who, ultimately, was responsible for driving Eva to her suicide, in an almost whodunit mystery. An alteration to the ending of the play is shown in the 1954 film, where the Inspector does not leave until Mr. Birling answers the phone to be notified that a police inspector is on his way. In disbelief, he goes to the room but finds that the Inspector has disappeared. The producer entertains his audience by using the concept of a ghost or a ghoul, as the name Goole suggests, giving the audience a supernatural and ominous sense of some greater power at work. Priestley does not reveal the Inspectors identity to leave the audience with an element of mystery, allowing them to make predictions about the reality of the Inspector. However, one definite answer is that Priestley uses him as a dramatic device to increase the pace of the story and create tension and suspense, but most importantly, to educate and entertain, presenting his central theme of responsibility to the audience, as well as the characters, Public men, Mr. Birling, have responsibilities as well as privileges. It is apparent that in Act Three, and in the rest of the play, Priestley uses several different methods to articulate his message. Since an important message is represented, it signifies that An Inspector Calls is not only a murder mystery, given that Priestley uncovers the story of the death of Eva Smith, but also a moralistic play. He uses dramatic devices, such as the Inspector, to make the audience contemplate on the reality that they are members of one body and therefore responsible for one another. This applies to both the contemporary and the modern society, where people need to work together as a community and help those who are oppressed. After studying this play, I have realised that it had an effect on me as I found myself reflecting on the way I treat other people, considering Priestleys message that No man is an island (John Donne, English poet, 1571-1631)

Racism Hurts Everyone Essays - Racism, Discrimination, Behavior

Racism Hurts Everyone ...Everybody jumped on him, beat the hell out of him... Everybody was hitting him or kicking him. One guy was kicking at his spine. Another guy hitting on the side of the face... He was unconscious. He was bleeding. Everybody had blood on their forearms. We ran back up the hill laughing... He should have died... He lost so much blood he turned white. He got what he deserved (Ridgeway 167.) The skinheads who performed this random act of racial violence in 1990, had no reason to brutally beat their victim other than the fact that he was Mexican. Racism is objectively defined as any practice of ethnic discrimination or segregation. Prejudice is an adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge or examination of the facts. There are three basic forms of racism, open racism, violent racism, and covert racism. These basic forms of racism, although different in form, all have the same purpose, to promote racism. Open racism expresses freedom of racial thought and speech. Open racists promote their views strictly through persuasionary tactics. This form of racism is allowed in our society due to the First Amendment. Open racism is currently almost nonexistent and steadily declining, because it is considered politically incorrect and socially unacceptable. Violent racism promotes racism through violence, fear, and persuasionary tactics. This form of racism is not protected by the First Amendment because it promotes violence to express its ideas. Unfortunately many violent racial groups claim they do not promote violence, and therefore these groups are protected by the First Amendment because not enough sufficient evidence exists to prove their violent intent Covert racism expresses ideas of racism in disguised forms; sometimes the covert racist is not even aware of the fact that he is racist. Racism, it is asserted, is no longer blatant: people are reluctant to express openly their dislike of and contempt for minorities. Racism, it is said, is subtle: it is disguised, kept out of sight. Avoiding minorities on the street and denial of a public benefit to a minority which would be awarded to a white are examples of covert racism. Since it is no longer politically correct to openly express one's racist views, people therefore favor disguised, indirect ways to express their bigotry . Covert racism is the most abundant form of racism in our society today. In the past, our society has seen many forms of major racial discrimination. One such topic that affected North America was the use of blacks as slaves. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century and into the early stages of the twentieth century, black people were thought of as inferior to the whites. Since no laws were passed at the time, plantation owners used many blacks as slaves. Before slavery was abolished, it hurt and killed an immense number of people. During World War II (1939-1945), Adolf Hitler persecuted Jewish people by taking them to concentration camps. At these camps they would be gassed to death after doing hard work for the Germans. Another major event in history was the killing of many Soviets during Stalin's Great Purge. During this period, any Soviet citizen who was heard questioning or opposing Stalin's ideas for the country was quickly annihilated with the use of Stalin's Secret Service. Again, millions were killed because of one person's beliefs. What causes racial prejudice? Our textbook gives these four reasons: 1. Influence of tradition 2. Psychological need of individuals to belong to a particular, identifiable group. 3. Building up ego by cultivating a feeling of superiority. 4. Usefulness of prejudice as an economic and political weapon. Practically since the dawn of man's existence man has undoubtedly noticed differences between races. Racism's presence throughout the formation of our culture is quite evident. Frequently throughout history the ethnic group with the most power has assumed that its race and culture are superior to others. The same incident occurred in America with the introduction of slavery. Throughout American history, racism has been strongly prevalent. Racism's roots lie deep within the foundation of our society. These roots undoubtedly are the source for a great many of the racist groups and covert racism ideas found throughout our society. Extremist social and political groups, particularly those advocating right-wing policies

Cundo no aplica castigo 3 y 10 aos por estar ilegal

Cundo no aplica castigo 3 y 10 aos por estar ilegal Las leyes migratorias de los Estados Unidos castigan con la prohibicià ³n de obtener una visa por 3 y 10 aà ±os a las personas que han estado ilegalmente en el paà ­s. Pero hay excepciones importantes a esta regla. Esto quiere decir que a las personas que no les aplica este castigo podrà ­an solicitar tanto una visa no inmigrante , como la de turista o estudiante, como obtener la aprobacià ³n de una visa inmigrante siempre y cuando no existan otras causas por las que se pueda denegar. En este artà ­culo se explica a quià ©nes no aplica el castigo de los 3 y 10 aà ±os por estar ilegal, en quà © casos no importa la estancia ilegal para obtener un beneficio migratorio, cà ³mo se computa el tiempo como ilegal ya que no siempre es claro y, finalmente, quà © hacer si se est fuera de Estados Unidos y se quiere sacar una visa y hay el problema de este castigo.  ¿A quià ©nes no aplica este castigo? El castigo de los 3 y de los 10 aà ±os no aplica a las personas que: Aunque estuvieron ms de 180 dà ­as ilegalmente en los Estados Unidos, ese periodo no de un modo continuo. Es decir, a aquellos que estuvieron un mes de una vez, dos meses de otra, etc. Pero nunca llegaron a pasar seis meses seguidos como ilegales.   (Sin embargo, hay que tener mucho ojo con este punto, ya que las estancias ilegales asà ­ sean discontinuas por un periodo superior a un aà ±o sà ­ que se computan para el castigo de prohibicià ³n permanente para ingresar a Estados Unidos).Se quedaron ilegalmente ms de 6 meses seguidos, pero fue con anterioridad al 1 de abril de 1997. Esa es la fecha en la que entrà ³ en vigor la ley del castigo de los tres y diez aà ±os y no afecta a situaciones anteriores.Son menores de 18 aà ±os. No se computa el tiempo que pasaron como ilegales antes de cumplir la mayorà ­a de edad. Adems, en el caso de los Dreamers con  la accià ³n diferida  aprobada no computan tiempo de presencia ilegal en los Estados Unidos mientras estn protegidos por DACA. Y asà ­ pueden viajar a otro paà ­s y regresar si cumplen una serie de requisitos para obtener un advance parole o permiso para viajar. Se encuentran dentro de Estados Unidos. Este castigo sà ³lo aplica a los que estn fuera del paà ­s. Algunos indocumentados podrn legalizar su situacià ³n sin salir de los Estados Unidos mediante un ajuste de estatus. Pero otros tendrà ­an que necesariamente salir para ir a una entrevista al consulado. Y ahà ­ habrà ­a el problema del castigo de los 3 y de los 10 aà ±os.Pueden beneficiarse de lo que se conoce como Seccià ³n 245(i), para casos muy antiguos. Situaciones especiales en los que no importa el tiempo como  ilegal En casos especiales, la presencia ilegal en Estados Unidos no es considerada causa de inadmisibilidad y, por lo tanto, ser posible ajustar el estatus o sacar una visa de inmigrante, siempre y cuando se reà ºnan todos los dems requisitos. Estos son los casos: Se solicita una visa T por trfico humanoSe solicita  de un TPS o Estatus de Proteccià ³n TemporalSolicitante de una  visa U por casos de và ­ctimas de violencia Và ­ctimas de violencia domà ©stica segà ºn la ley VAWA. Cà ³mputo de los dà ­as en los que se ha estado ilegalmente en Estados Unidos En la mayorà ­a de los casos es muy fcil saberlo. Si se ingresà ³ ilegalmente, desde ese dà ­a. Y si se ingresà ³ con una visa cuando finalizà ³ la fecha prevista en el documento que se conoce como I-94 registro de entrada y salida o la fecha de estatus (D/S, en inglà ©s).   Adems, en el caso de los que ingresaron como turistas o por negocios sin visa por ser de un paà ­s del Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados, como Espaà ±a o Chile, todo lo que exceda de 90 dà ­as es considerado como ilegal. Pero en ocasiones el cà ³mputo de lo que es presencia ilegal no es tan sencillo. En las siguientes situaciones se recomienda consultar con un abogado para intentar esclarecer realmente cul es la situacià ³n: Se ha esperado por una respuesta del USCIS a una aplicacià ³n despuà ©s de la fecha mxima de estancia permitidaEspera durante caso de deportacià ³n ante un juez. Quà © se puede hacer si realmente se ha estado ilegal por ms de 6 meses y se quiere sacar una visa Existen posibilidades de solicitar un perdà ³n, que va a depender de si se quiere una visa no inmigrante o se tiene una aplicacià ³n de visa de inmigrante y à ©sta ha sido negada por presencia ilegal previa. Es importante conocer los mecanismos, quà © es posible y cà ³mo. Tambià ©n es fundamental informase sobre la condena ms dura que aplica para los casos de las personas que regresan ilegalmente a los Estados Unidos por aplicacià ³n de la prohibicià ³n​ permanente. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Hot Potatos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hot Potatos - Essay Example The chief analyst raised three main issues in the company’s management. A brief summary is given below: He said that the company is facing a tough competition and the main issue is that the competitors are using advanced technology now available in the market. This advanced technology enables the other companies to increase their sales through immediate advertisements and through the technology and receiving instant feedback enabling them to take prompt measures to enhance product quality and policy making of their companies. This advanced technology also ensures production at a comparatively low cost which results in their ability to introduce their products at fairly low prices in the market. This comparatively reduces the sales of the company as customers are always attracted towards low prices for same products in the market. Secondly, the competitors have employed some extra labor skilled in proper use of the company’s software and websites. These are IT experts properly trained in making quick decisions to meet demand in software changes and also quick production of its products. The company needs to ensure that the company makes sufficient advancements in its software in order to cope with the demands requirements of the customers. It is always very important for a company to meet the orders placed by customers in time as it is quite obvious that sales orders if maintained poorly and not responded to properly will make the company lose existing customers looking as well as new customers attracted by the quality of our products (Anthony Tarantino, 2006, p. 248). After the chief analysts’ report, the CEO decided to take some measures to overcome the problems that may be faced by the company in the future. He assigned the CFO of the company to determine the total costs of introducing new technology to the production sector of the company as well as the costs to hire skilled labor in order to operate that machinery. The decision to

Assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Assignment 3 - Essay Example Customers: The stores of Boots UK are mainly located in well-known localities and streets of UK. Hence, its main consumers are male and females between age group 15-45 years from nearby neighbourhoods. Strength: The primary strength of the company is that it has a well-recognised brand with wide product range. The company is established in the market and has strong reliance on research and development. Weakness: Boots UK considers that location and ambience of its store are outdated, which can prove to be a weakness. Apart from this, analysis showed that the company has little dependence on technologies, which increase processing time of activities. Furthermore, the company also charges comparatively high price. The company has applied SMART techniques to determine goals and objectives. The company is planning to achieve an increase of twenty-five percent in the sale annually. It also has an objective to attract ten percent more male consumers every year, compared to the previous year. These goals are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-specific in nature. Realizing such goals can prove to be company’s competitive advantage. The company has used demographic and geographic segmentation while determining its target segment. Boots UK has placed stores mainly in the high streets of UK; so, the obvious target market of company is individuals from the neighbourhood. From demographic point, the company ensure that both genders, male and female, are its product users and the age range is between 16 and 45 years (Armstrong, Cunningham and Kotler, 2002). In its strategy, the company is planning to implement Ansoff’s matrix to decide upon products for existing as well as new markets. The model was proposed by mathematician, Igor Ansoff. It states that there are four growth strategies that a firm can adopt: Market penetration and product development for existing market and market

Research (continue) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research (continue) - Essay Example The district functions through its department, English Language Learner Programme (ELLP), which offers a range of initiatives for culturally and linguistically students. The department is in charge of English Language Learner (ELL) student placement, student monitoring and access to supplementary materials. ELLP aims at helping the students blend into the system and ensure that their academic progress is at par with other students. It also strives at improving on community, family and school support to enhance their progress. The department trains ELL specialists to use the High Quality Sheltered Instruction (HQSI) model with ELL students. HQSI is a programme, which focuses on building foundation of teaching skills and vocabulary skills. It covers various aspects such as strategies, instruction, lesson delivery, building background, interaction, comprehensible input, application and review. The initiative helps in making language connections between the student and the curriculum. Once the students show an improvement in language, it eventually improves their performance. The district also has Inclusive Schools Practices (ISP), which is designed to bridge the gap between the achievement levels of students by providing access to students with disabilities. This is done by providing a least restricted and a culturally responsive environment to students. It also aims a multicultural form of instruction to create awareness about diverse cultures and make CLD feel at home in classroom. Under this programme, the focus is on instructional strategies, curriculum modification, collaborative practices, cultural diversity and building leadership processes. The district also appoints psychological services assistants, recruited on the basis of a bilingual proficiency test, to help them understand ELL students and assess their requirements. The district also offers special education services for students with disabilities between ages 3 to 21. Working in

Ecommerce business plan for an electronics store

Ecommerce business plan for an electronics store Online business is becoming very vast slowly and steadily. There is a lot of profit in this kind of business. Like EBAY and AMAZON our company has took a step in the field of online business. The Domain name of the website is www.Theray.co.uk. The image which can be seen below is of a homepage of THE RAY website. This homage is browsed on the first paragraph. In the first part it is explained briefly that how we run our day to day business. In the second part it is described that what are the tools or equipments which we use to run our business. The third part is about all the services which we give to our online customers. Fourth part describes that how do we serve our customers. The fifth part explains about how the customers can pay safely and how do we use to provide such kind of services in better and safe environment. The sixth part includes out location of our offices. The Ray is an online business which sells products to its online customers. This is the companys website homepage. In the homepage it is easy for the customers to search or find out what they are looking for because we cover almost all brands. If, in case the product which the customer is looking for is an old model than they can click on ALL BRANDS to find the one they are looking for or they can contact us. We will try to arrange that product available to that customer if possible but, the charges for those services will be extra. Other big companies logos are visible, the reason for this is that we have products from these companies and customer can find the one they are looking for easily because nowadays everyone is looking for the latest products and the latest products which are very popular are being produced by these companies. The option of category is available to make the customers search more customized. Secondly, deals are also available; when a customer clicks on it he/she can see the deals like if you buy this game you will get 2cds free e.t.c. New arrivals option is also available; this is to make the customers feel easy to see what has arrived new. The customer can compare prices of the different products with the different specification; this will help those customers who are looking for the cheap products. Ads can be seen on the websites, we get money through the pay per click concept. At the bottom there are further details which can be seen by the customer, to browse our website more easily. There is an option of third parties on the web page on which when a customer clicks he/she finds many ads which are posted by other customers to sell their own products. The Ray charges a nominal amount on each transaction made in the section of Third Parties. Business day to day operations:- In online business some very important operations such as order taking, order processing, website management, updating, accounting or book keeping, advertising and marketing implementation, credit card authorizations, shipping, inventory management, Customer service and ordering are compulsory for our business so that we can make some new way do some of task easily such as order taking, order processing, website management, updating, credit card authorizations and inventory management for that we choose the new generation e commerce software called Boos cart its process the task that is mentioned above:- Boss Cart:- Basket Boss was an application of E-commerce shopping basket, specifically designed to meet the needs for small and medium retailers requirements.  Boss Cart was created using the latest technology and runs on Windows, Linux and all other web platforms.  Boss Cart was tested with more than 20,000 items to ensure timely and efficient as possible. The software is specially optimized for use by small and medium enterprises and friendly from the start.  It has a built-in Web 2.0 functionality and drags and drop interface for quick access to products and product attributes.  Boss Cart has the ability to specify the shipping and the weight of each product, and import or export data in CSV format.  The software has a powerful search engine feature of the product and downloads an image wider product range, seven additional images per product all purchases are automatically confirmed by e-mail late. The software Boss Cart provides wide range of options and features that are important.  Boss Cart is designed to work with the most popular markets such as eBay and Google Base, and it also set up a PayPal payment of treatment may be most of our online store.  Below is a picture of how Boss Cart Premium is working with these systems Benefits of using this software:- * Quick and easy to implement. Store Manager * Powerful, handles over 10,000 products. * Create your store look and feel or use one of our predefined templates. * Integration of our online store with a payment gateway of our choice. * Host our store with the web hosting company of our choice. * From marketing and merchandising functions, including social networking / marketing plug-in. * Bulk uploads to populate our products Easy Store. * Export products to Google Base. * Process orders online or offline. * Calculates postage, VAT and other taxes. * The product can be inclusive or exclusive of VAT. * Stock level control function. * Alerts low stock.Print invoices, packing slips and address labels * Extensive sales statistics to know what products sell well and which not. * Backup and restore function Customer service -: Our speciality in day to day operation, Our web site decided to give high quality customer service, for that there is an option through that our customers clarify their question, product information, buying suggestion, doubts about our product or the payment system and where Ever they want. It works 24 hours per day. http://www.velnetweb.co.uk/blogs/category/velnetweb/ Equipments we use to run our business:- Every company needs some equipment to run their business and The Ray company also use some equipments such as-credit card payment processing equipment and software ,desktop computer, desk and desk chair, postage machine and postage scale, shipping supplies, telephone and also use toll free telephone number which is really helpful to the customers and suppliers to stay in touch properly. The ray company also use finance software which is really helpful to print the invoice of the customers. Supplier sell products most competitive prices and the ray company buy their products from a supplier. Now this company try to buy their products from china and India because in china and Indian supplier can give good quality products in cheap price. The menu of products or services that we provide:- There are many products and services that we provide to our online customers. The ray is an online business that sells products online. In this business we sell Mobile phones, Personnel computers and accessories. Beside all these things we work as a middle person as well. In our website an option of third parties can be found. When a customer clicks on there than he/she enters into a new homepage in which the customer can find different types of advertisements posted by the other customer with the contact details. That advertisement contains the full contact information of the customer so that the person, who is interested in that particular product, can contact the owner. On every successful transaction which is made in the section of third parties, are charged a nominal fee. There is an option for all those customers who want to buy old models of electronic items. If the customer did not find that particular product even after trying the advanced search and buy searching the option of all brands, than they can contact us and request that particular product. They only need to fill up a simple request form, the image of that form can be seen below. If we have that particular product listed in our website than we will not charge the customer for our services, and if in case we dont have that product than we will search that product for the customer and sell it to him. There are some charges on this services and that depends on the type of product. Service Request Form Please complete the following form and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..representative will contact you to schedule your appointment at a time and place that are convenient to you. Keep in mind, we come to you! If you need immediate assistance please call 07404181844 Top of Form name Address City County Postcode Email Address Primary Telephone Alternate Telephone How Did You Hear About Nerd Force Equipment Information Brief Equipment Information Operating System Internet Access Network Problem Description Our potential customers and delivery service :- The important thing is companys delivery, for this the ray company use lots of method of delivery. Basically they use their own delivery van in the city and for those customers who are out of the city or country they use DHL and FedEx mail service and this kind of service helps the customers to get their products within short time. Transactions:- In e-commerce, both buyers and sellers have the same concerns they have always had, customers need a reliable way to pay money securely without worrying that their credit card information might be stolen the seller needs to know that the customer isnt using a stolen credit card. Luckily, online payments are safer than ever and more options exist than ever before. To get paid promptly and reliably have to go through some extra steps to make the customer feel secure- not to mention protecting yourself, too successful e commerce is about setting up the right atmosphere for making purchases, providing options for payment, and keeping sensitive information private. Its also about making sure that the goods get to the customer safety and on time. We are giving customers to ability to provide payment online. Our goal is accomplish the following:- Giving the customer options:- Online shoppers like to feel that they have some degree of control give them a choice of payments alternatives: credit card, debit card are the main ones. Some also like a choice of online payment services they want to see that you accept Google checkout as well as PayPal for instance. Keep payment secure :- Pay an extra fee to your webhost to have your customer submit their credit card numbers or other personal information to a secure server- a server that uses secure sockets layer encryption to render it unreadable if stolen. Make payment convenient:- Shoppers on the web are in a hurry. We give them the web page forms and the phone numbers they need do that they can complete a purchases in a matter of seconds. Online Merchant Accounts:- A merchant account is an account maintained by a bank or processor to receive and process orders online with a credit card.  Indeed, money from your online sales are deposited into your merchant account.  Not all banks have the capacity to handle all types of credit in all currencies.Therefore, it is not unusual for a merchant who, for example, wants to transform the Visa and MasterCard both U.S. and Canadian fund orders merchant accounts no more than one financial institution to  work-related. Payment options:- One of the most important aspects of running the online business is being able to collect payments from our customers. In the physical world, that amount to having functional cash register with an attached credit or debit card processing terminal. In the online business world, this is even more important. According to Cisco Internet Business Solutions (IBSG) Primary Research about Expected Change in Payment Mechanism Usage for Online Purchases over Next Two Years the Alternate payment providers, such as PayPal, have grown dramatically during this current wave. Thirty-five percent of all respondents cite frequent or very frequent use of alternate payment providers in online payments, and consumers indicate expectations of more frequent usage in the future. http://www.cisco.com/web/strategy/docs/finance/ConnectedPaymentsExecSummary_092208.pdf In over online business we are provided alternative payment methods shows as below Payment and processing the orders:- When someone submits making a order and giving card information to us, we need to transfer the information to the banking system. To submit credit card information to our bank, we need point of sale (POS) hardware or software. The hardware, which we either purchase or lease from our bank, is a terminal. (a gray box of the sort can see at many local retailers) The software is a program that contacts the bank through the modem. The terminal or software is programmed to authorize the sale and transmit the data to the bank, the bank then credit our business checking account. Then bank also deduct the discount rate from our account weekly, monthly, or with each transaction. Our location:- Office address:   184 Sudbury heights avenue, London, ub60ll     Opening Hours:   10:30 AM   6:00 PM  Monday to Sunday ex. Friday and Tuesday   Ã‚  Ã‚   You can bring in your laptops, just pop in during opening hours, No appointment needed Contact us:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tel: 02087822185  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Mobile 07404181844 Email à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Fax: 02087822185  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   More information of our business:- Out of the above services our business will take some kind of customer services and for the sake of our business we will take some promotional activities that would be auspicious for both for our business and our potential customers. As we will enter in the competition in the market our target is to survive in the market long run by satisfying our customers. Business model: As a new business we want to be unique in this field. Our business model will be unique as well. There is a lot of business model s prevailing in this kind of business. Each of these strategies will be dealt with in the context of providing advice for business wishing to maximise their cyber potential (Lawrence, 2000). The following business models are widely used in e -commerce business. Poster/ billboard models Online yellow model Cyber brochure Virtual Storefront Subscription model Advertising model 3.5.7 model Auction/ Reserve auction model Affiliation model and Portal model Strategy of implementation: Implementation of strategy is the challenge for all kind of business whether it is e -business or any other business. The size of the business will restrict will restrict the number of personnel involved in business but the discipline can be adapted for any business wishing to establish an electronic presence. To implement the model in the business there are some certain steps we will have to follow. Planning Controlling Monitoring Adjusting Organizing Managing quality etc. Customer service: For every business customer service is necessary. Like all other companies we also consider customer service as essential part of our business. We want to different in case of our customer service. It will include after services. Our expectation is to get feedback from our customer through online. They can inform their satisfactions or complain through online to our company. We will also provide repairing service to our customer. Creative promotional activities: Promotional activities are an important part of all business. Our promotional activities will have creativity that will differentiate our company from any other company. In our as the part of our promotional activity we will try to inform the people about the importance of technology, the good usage of technology, and we will try to inform people about the consequence of deforestation, pollution, illiteracy etc. It means our promotional activities will be a social promotional activity. Besides, as a normal promotional activities we will inform people by sending e-mail, advertise in some popular social network like face book, twitter etc. Building an internet commerce community: For all kind of business building an internet commerce community is helpful in ensuring the internet business. As it is important for business maximum usage of all business we will give focus on it. To build an international relationship we will also use technology. If we were an internet commerce community we would have the following objects. Internet banking: Now day internet banking is very popular as a medium of transaction. So as a medium of transaction we will operate our business transaction through internet banking. Our potential client will be able to get service through internet banking. For the interest of the security of our client it will be the best medium of transaction for those customers who will buy our product through online. Service selling site: Originally it seemed that cyber shopping mall would be the most effective way to get noted on the web. Large departmental stores have joined malls they have set their own sites. (Lawrence 2000). All retail shop have succeeded have thrived turning their customer into a community. For example Bookshop amazon.com encourages community felling by getting people to write reviews of books they have read, by encouraging the buyer to interact with the authors via e mail and by getting register with eyes, as a service that that notifies customers of new books that are likely to interest them. (Lawrence 2000). As like that our business will have such kind of effort to encourage our customer and getting their feedback through online. Online publishing: Online publishing is an exciting area of internet commerce. By online we will inform our customer about our new product, product on sale etc.

Intergrating Technology And Le :: essays research papers fc

The face of business has changed. Technology has taken over or enhanced traditional ways of communication such as face-to-face interaction and mail. It isn’t necessary to wait 7 business days to hear a reply from a customer anymore. In fact, it could take less than 7 minutes through the use of a phone, email, or fax. The Board of Trustees can have a video conference when they are 6,000 miles apart from each other. However, with the benefits of technology, has fundamentals such as leadership been overlooked? Leadership used to focus around personal interaction when meetings would be held in a conference room and tasks would be accomplished by people standing side by side to each other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leadership is a necessary component to the success of any business or organization. Leadership says, “I care about you'; to the customer. Used correctly, technology can enhance the practice of leadership in today’s businesses and organizations. It is necessary, though, that some personal interaction remain to show people that the business is still customer oriented.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leadership can be divided into three categories: mentoring, risk-taking, and facilitating. Although there are many attributes and characteristics of a leader, these three are the most important in today’s business and organizations. Most other skills of a leader would fall under these three categories. For example, being trustworthy and loyal would fit under the mentoring aspect. Risk-taking would include courage. Being team-motivated and having the ability to make decisions would fall under facilitating. Technology can be applied to each of these categories to enhance the business or organization’s success. No business is complete without leadership and today, leadership is not complete without technology. Mentoring What is a mentor? In Homer’s Odyssey, Mentor was the teacher of Telemachus, the son of Odyssius. But Mentor was more than a teacher. He was half-god and half-man; half-male and half-female; believable and yet unreachable. Mentor was the union of both goal and path, wisdom personified. In today’s society, the same principles apply. Mentors teach and guide others. They inspire and convey a sense of vision to the people around them. Proverbs 29:18 reads that where there is no vision, the people perish. Effective leaders do not allow this to happen. They keep the team energized until the vision is no longer a dream, but a reality. Leaders walk the talk; and this creates the trust and respect necessary to achieve the team’s purpose.

Evaluation of Cathay Pacific

Evaluation: Employee In our case, the Cathay Pacific Flight Attendants Union (FAU) did not satisfy with a new policy that required them to work at least 70 hours a month before they could swap shifts with colleagues and they thought this new policy had hurt their pay and lifestyle. Pay and benefits is one of the factors that affect job satisfaction of the employees and it is perhaps one of the most rewards employees would like to get in order to support their lives.So when the flight attendants union alerted that their usual benefits gain from the job has changed, they immediately voiced their concern and bargained with the employer to protect their rights. Moreover, the flight attendants viewed the new decision as the company’s measure to withdraw their benefits that they are entitled to receive, which are claimed to be clearly stated in the labor contract with Cathay Pacific. They argued to the employer that this action was illegal as the company did not communicate this dec ision with them beforehand.This can be explained by the principles of justice of the employees which consists of outcome fairness, procedural justice and interactional justice. In our case, interactional justice can be applied. A perception of interactional justice is a judgment that the organization carried out its actions in a way that took the employee’s feelings into account. It includes the explanation of decision to the employees, respectful treatment, consideration and empathy. Referring to our case, the employer did not notice the employees before the implementation of the new policy which made the employees think the company did not concern their opinion.As their feelings are being ignored by the employer, the flight attendants union strongly opposed this new policy and caused conflict with the employer. Through this case, we discover that conflicts cannot be avoided in the workplace since the management goals and labor union goals are always opposite. The management aims to lower costs and raise outputs, as in our case, Cathay Pacific wanted to increase the productivity of the flight attendants and ensured every one of them should work at least 70 hours a month before they could swap shifts with colleagues.However, the labor union aims at obtaining pay and working conditions that satisfy their members and of giving members a voice in decisions that affect them, and in our case, the flight attendants bargained with the employer not to accept the new policy which harm their benefits. As some degree of conflict is inevitable between workers and management, the labor union has a significant role to represent their members’ interests and resolving conflicts with employers. When more employees join the labor union, it can boost the bargaining power of the union as it represents more employees.The Cathay Pacific Flight Attendants Union represents over 5,800 cabin crew in Cathay Pacific Airways which is a high ratio. Collective bargaining is in deed one of the ways to manage conflicts. It can be defined as a voluntary, formalized process by which employers and independent trade unions negotiate, for specified groups of employee, terms and conditions of employment. Regarding our case, the union would like to negotiate with the management at first but received no response so the union threatened to take industrial action, including a work-to-rule or a potential strike to urge the reply of the management.The pressure of an impending strike deadline forces both union and management negotiators to make concession and resolve their differences. Threatening of going on strike is usually a weapon of the labor union because it will cause a big harm to the employer and that the union can gain more attention from the management and gain a higher chance to win the negotiation. Fortunately with the intervention of the Labor Department the dispute was brought to an end with an agreement signed to withdraw the swap restriction permanentl y.The Biggest Winner was the union, which gained more than 600 new Members as a result of the ordeal. Through this case, it is obvious that the labor union gain a high importance in representing the employees and bargaining with the employer in order to get their desired results. http://www. aspireaviation. com/2010/04/05/cathay-pacific-threatened-with-strike/ http://www. thestandard. com. hk/news_detail. asp? pp_cat=11&art_id=96074&sid=27482954&con_type=1 http://www. businesstraveller. asia/asia-pacific/news/cathay-pacific-cabin-crew-mull-strike http://www. cpafau. org. hk/eng/index/

Free Essays on Bacon And Aristotle

Bacon and Aristotle Throughout Bacon’s Novum Organum, Bacon criticizes Aristotle’s views on science to a point where he is almost belittling him. He criticized Aristotle’s philosophy from the foundations upwards. He thought that Aristotle was biased and argued that Aristotle’s views were corrupted and caused damage to the natural philosophy. He mainly disagreed with Aristotle’s philosophy because its foundation starts with something already known and then goes through series of steps to reach a general statement. Likewise, Bacon argues that his method starts with concrete things, rather than with previous ideas, which is not always clear. Therefore, according to him, Aristotle cannot possibly reach the truth. I conclude therefore that the signs of truth and soundness in the philosophies and sciences that are current are not at all good, whether taken from the origins of those ideas, or from their fruits or their growth, or the admissions of their founders, or the fact of their common acceptance. (Bacon 87) Aristotle was biased because he used the natural philosophy against his logic, and made it a disputation in itself and therefore making it useless (Bacon 62). He was so caught up in his own idea that it only led him to untruth and then led many people to believe him and destroy science and nature all together. Also the syllogism of Aristotle’s does not allow people to advance into a greater domain simply because the answer was already contained in the premises. Logic that was used by Aristotle damaged the natural philosophy that Bacon is trying to stress â€Å"†¦ which ought to mark out the boundaries of natural philosophy, not generate or give it birth† (Bacon 106). So therefore Bacon considers only greater outcomes would come from the natural philosophy if it were pure and unadulterated (Bacon 106). In Conclusion, Bacon views Aristotle as a complete destroyer of nature and the sciences. He argues that A... Free Essays on Bacon And Aristotle Free Essays on Bacon And Aristotle Bacon and Aristotle Throughout Bacon’s Novum Organum, Bacon criticizes Aristotle’s views on science to a point where he is almost belittling him. He criticized Aristotle’s philosophy from the foundations upwards. He thought that Aristotle was biased and argued that Aristotle’s views were corrupted and caused damage to the natural philosophy. He mainly disagreed with Aristotle’s philosophy because its foundation starts with something already known and then goes through series of steps to reach a general statement. Likewise, Bacon argues that his method starts with concrete things, rather than with previous ideas, which is not always clear. Therefore, according to him, Aristotle cannot possibly reach the truth. I conclude therefore that the signs of truth and soundness in the philosophies and sciences that are current are not at all good, whether taken from the origins of those ideas, or from their fruits or their growth, or the admissions of their founders, or the fact of their common acceptance. (Bacon 87) Aristotle was biased because he used the natural philosophy against his logic, and made it a disputation in itself and therefore making it useless (Bacon 62). He was so caught up in his own idea that it only led him to untruth and then led many people to believe him and destroy science and nature all together. Also the syllogism of Aristotle’s does not allow people to advance into a greater domain simply because the answer was already contained in the premises. Logic that was used by Aristotle damaged the natural philosophy that Bacon is trying to stress â€Å"†¦ which ought to mark out the boundaries of natural philosophy, not generate or give it birth† (Bacon 106). So therefore Bacon considers only greater outcomes would come from the natural philosophy if it were pure and unadulterated (Bacon 106). In Conclusion, Bacon views Aristotle as a complete destroyer of nature and the sciences. He argues that A...

the coldest winter ever essays

the coldest winter ever essays The Coldest Winter Ever is about a ghetto-born girl named Winter Santiaga. Winter is the young, wealthy daughter of a prominent Brooklyn drug dealing family. Winter is the oldest of four born daughters to Ricky and Momma Santiaga. (they dont mention her mothers real name.) Winter is quick-witted, sexy, business-minded, and she knows and loves the streets of Brooklyn like the curves on her body. (back cover of TCWE) Ricky Santiaga, Winters father, works his way up through the drug ring in Brooklyn until he is the top dog in the Brooklyn drug world. Even though Winter and her family live in the projects, the inside of their apartment is huge and is decorated extravagantly. For example, they have royal red carpets on the floors, top of the line furniture, a fully loaded entertainment center, equipment, and other luxurious things that they dont quite mention. Winter and her mother are both conceited and fashionable at the same time, they shop and spend lots of money all the time. When ever her mother goes out somewhere she was very well coordinated. For example, if she had on a zebra hat, she would wear zebra patterned Victoria Secret bra and panties, zebra patterned camisole, zebra skin pants, and even have a zebra design on her nails. Her mother didnt work because she believed that beauty was a full time occupation that left no room for everything else. She even got her hair done once every three days. Winter was the same way when she shopped, but she mostly bought sneakers, jewelry, and the expensive name brand clothing. Winter has three younger sisters in which she adored but sometimes hates babysitting and taking care of. She has two twin sisters, Mercedes and Lexus and another sister named Porsche, all named after cars. Winter often enjoyed babysitting her sisters because she didnt have to go to school. Winter only attended school just enough times so the authorities wouldn&ap...

VISUAL CULTURE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

VISUAL CULTURE - Essay Example What was highlighted instead was the atmosphere that contributes to the gore and brutality of the execution. The main subject which was a civilian with his arms spread like the Christ in crucifixion was set against the backdrop of the rising mountain and heavy blackness of the night to highlight the terror of the persecution (Singer 42). He also emphasized fear in the painting by â€Å"trailing the line of unfortunate captives into the distance, suggesting that this action will by repeated throughout the night† (Harris). , Goya’s The Third of May painting was rendered with â€Å"broad and rough strokes of the brush [similar] to the mature work of the Great Spanish Baroque painter Diego Velasquez whom Goya so much admired1†. I personally like the theme and social message of the painting because it is very relevant today. It is happening in Syria, Egypt and somewhere else albeit the parties are different but the nature of persecution remains. Francisco de Goya’s â€Å"First of May† may be the first strongest political artwork that depicted persecution. Originally, Goya’s Third of May painting was borne out of the Spaniard’s social unrest when a French soldier was shot dead in Madrid on May 2, 1808 (A painting entitled Dos de Mayo Uprising preceded the Third of May painting where the citizens of Spain revolted) during the Napoleonic occupation. The blame was pointed to a Spanish sniper where the French soldiers retaliated with a swift, brutal and disproportionate response on the next day (hence the title Third of May). Napoleonic troops then retaliated by rounding up a large number of innocent peasants on the Third of May who were accused to part of the uprising. The soldiers had the peasants marched beyond the city walls and then had them shot of which Goya putatively had witnessed. This background of the painting of disproportionate response of violence to social unrest corresponds

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 4 During CEO Jim Cantalupo Management 4 Strategic Vision 4 Core Competences 5 Competitive Advantage 5 Resources Used 6 Successful Management Strategy and the Reasons and Elements of Jim Cantalupo’s Strategy 6 After CEO Jim Cantalupo Management 9 The New Strategic Approach McKinsey’s 7-S Framework 9 New Strategic Approaches through the Application of Ansoff Growth Matrix 13 Conclusion 16 References 17 Bibliography 20 Introduction McDonald’s has been operating in the US market for many years and has grown internationally by establishing its brand value in the world. There were various challenges during the development phase of the company and there were problems related to business strategies implementation in expanding the stores of McDonald’s. The study reflects the business strategy that was implemented by CEO Jim Cantalupo during his tenure in McDonald’s. During CEO Jim Cantalupo Management Strate gic Vision Strategic vision of a company is the representation of the core values, beliefs and philosophies (Air University, 2010). Jim Cantalupo’s strategic vision was upon developing new customers and not increasing the numbers of the restaurants. Since the market was focused upon targeting the competitors’ customers, he concentrated upon new customers. Jim Cantalupo’s vision was upon offering healthier food. For existing customers, his vision was to enhance the level of service with hygienic environment and commitment to deliver service within stipulated time. His vision was upon innovation and introduced new products for all categories of customers. Core Competences Core competencies are the unique attitude, skills, knowledge and behaviour that contribute to excellence (University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 2002). McDonald’s core competence is in its operations and infrastructures. The organisation is competent for production and timely delivery of a ffordable foodstuffs to wide range of customers. The company has developed its core competency through low cost foodstuffs, high speed service and consistent quality strategy. These factors influence the customers to be attracted and being loyal towards the company. The core competency of the company is supported through its brand image, relationship between customers and suppliers, strong financial resources, market leadership and product value (Zamarripa & Wylie, 2000). Competitive Advantage According to Investopedia, â€Å"The advantage that a firm has over its competitors assisting in generating margins and sales and retaining customers than its competitors is firm’s competitive advantage† (Investopedia, 2010). McDonald’s competitive advantage is gained in the industry of fast food restaurants. The company’s innovative menu and introduction of wide range of foodstuffs have made the company gain competitive advantage over others. The food is affordable and value for money offerings aid in retaining the customers. Its franchisee based model has been able to strengthen its financial position and played a significant part in their global expansion. It is a ‘penny profit’ business but still with hard work, it has been successful. Through the global presence, economies of scale operations have led McDonald’s to gain competitive advantage over others in national and international markets. Resources Used

Fallacies in Advertisement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fallacies in Advertisement - Essay Example With the tag line ‘feed your dreams,’ the ad was trying to associate the product with the accomplishments of the three men who were featured. Upon looking at the advertisement, a couple of questions occurred to me: suppose I would take in such product, would that necessarily feed my dreams? And what would ‘feed my dreams’ mean actually? It was so ambiguous that any meaning could be associated with it. Suppose I try to give it some meaning, which was to encourage me and make my dreams come true like those men who were featured, would that make it similar to what Muscle Milk was trying to portray in the ad? And what dreams would the product make come true, only those who dream to be like those ‘rookies’ and top athletes? It seemed to me, with this ad, that Muscle Milk was trying to put some causal link between taking in their product and the successful careers of the three athletes. Would a successful career be a product of taking in a supplement like that? It does not necessarily follow, thus, this ad had committed fallacy of false cause. Like some of the more informed consumers, I always looked for some reason to believe as regards the claim of a company’s product in its advertisement. The one thing that I had noted in this advertisement was the reason to believe provided the wrong authority to back up the claim. I then asked myself, would I believe this advertisement in its claim for the benefits that Muscle Milk would offer if I were to buy some supplements? Should I not consult a dietitian or a nutritionist in order for me to know the effects of taking in such product to my body, had I wanted to reap the benefits that the product claimed? Therefore, if the claim to the benefits should prove to be true, surely, it should be the dietitians and not the athletes who were to be consulted? If the benefits were to be measured in terms of the effects to

A family ritual to strengthen family bonds Essay Example for Free

A family ritual to strengthen family bonds Essay As I was answering the Family rituals questionnaire, I felt good as i was somewhat compelled to reminisce the activities which I shared with my family when I was a child. It feels good to see that our family got a high score in the questionnaire. In only proves that we have been quite close as a family. I was only mesmerized as I recalled those moments when we simultaneously scan our old pictures and laugh at the way all of us looked in the past. I also enjoyed recalling the fond memories of our excursions when I was still a child. Personally, I do not want to change that kind of relationship which I had with my family in the past. I would like us to maintain this close relationship we have right now. For me, this is how families are supposed to be. Families are supposed to spend most of the time together so they can be updated with the events happening to one another. In this sense, they will always be available to succor when one among the family members is having some dilemma. In addition to that, the intimacy between them will not be lost; and instead, will only be kindled. That feeling of intimacy will make them more comfortable and more expressive with one another. The ritual that I would like to apply to my family is a unique Islamic tradition called Eid al-Fitr. Eid al-Fitr is being done some time after Ramadan. It is basically a tradition celebrating the success of the recently done Ramadan which is a whole month of blessings and joy. Moreover, Eid al-Fitr is also the extension of these blessings and joy to those who happen to be less fortunate. Every Muslim family must offer some donation of any kind to those who are in need. They do this so the needy can participate in the celebration as well. This is done before the end of the Eid so all the people can be prepared for the jubilation. When the day of the Eid comes, all of the participants will gather outdoors – in mosques – to perform a prayer that is especially for the Eid. Afterwards, the participants will begin to disperse and mingle with one another. They will meet up with their families, friends and other acquaintances to give presents and express their cordial greetings. If they have relatives who are not present and cannot go to the event, they can call them on the hoping and likewise extend their wishes. This event usually lasts for three days to allow the Muslims make the most out of the celebration. The meaning of this ritual is that it can manifest the unity and comradeship among its participants. By extending their warm wishes to other people and giving donations to those who are in need, the participants learn to take care aside from their selves and value other people as well. The act of giving donations can be symbolically interpreted as an act of offering something that sincerely comes from the self. The act is like transcending the self and its own interests in order to extend one’s hands to other people. By applying this ritual with my family, I aim that my family will have a sense of responsibility and learn how to work as a group. Moreover, I can also reinforce family planning. My family will learn that they also have responsibility over other people –their fellowmen – and that all of us must unite for a singular cause. By promoting the behavior of giving donations to the poor and mingling with the family members, the unity of a singular cause is reinforced. As we harbor in mind the need to achieve a singular purpose, we will learn how to work as a group. In the latter process, we will develop a more cohesive bond among ourselves. The part of mingling with other people can only encourage us to commune more deeply with one another and be aware of one another’s experiences. As the ritual will be repetitious, all of its objectives will be recurrently addressed. In addition to that, by mingling with the family members in the course of the ritual, we will realize the importance of family planning. In our family, there are more than ten of us who are siblings and it will surely be harder for us to greet one another while doing the ritual. Lastly, I think that the ritual need not to change as the members of the family grow older. We must only adapt with one another and our family embers – and our oscillating temperaments, tastes and yearnings. The touchstone of the ritual is that we feel the warm company of our family members as we do and enjoy doing things together. In that sense, my two goals can be achieved. We learn that we are responsible for the welfare of our family members and we learn to work collectively in making all of us grow individually as persons and the family as a whole.

Evolution of the Keyboard Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Physical Evolution of the Keyboard: From Monochord to Harpsichord Since the first person heard the wind whistle through the trees or the sea in a seashell humans have been drawn to sound. Being the oppressive and ingenious species that we are we felt the need to capture these sounds and any others that we could to keep for our own. Eventually people like Pythagoras and gods such as Apollo found that by stretching materials and picking/plucking them that they would produce sounds and that the tighter you stretched these strings the higher the sound would go. These were the early beginnings of the pianoforte.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first ancestor of the modern pianoforte is the monochord (diagram 1). A monochord is a wooden box with a single string stretched lengthwise down the middle. The string sits raised on bridges very dissimilar to those of a violin or cello. These bridges positioned approximately 2 inches in from each end. They are simple and usually triangular shaped pieces of hard durable material such as ebony or walnut. Between these two bridges are two taller bridges that may be moved by each hand to alter the pitch given. The philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras used a monochord to study the fundamentals of sound. The next logical step in this evolutionary chain was as sure as a spoiled child’s demands. Now that I have what I want I want more of it. Thus came the psaltery (diagram 2). The psaltery was a great leap fourth from the monochord. It was a small trapezoid shaped box with many strings stretched over it. However unlike the monochord the psaltery did not have movable bridges to change the pitch while playing and furthermore these bridges were much more like the bridges of modern string instruments. The psaltery was played by picking the strings (which were obviously tuned to different pitches) with the fingers or with a pick. This was an extremely popular instrument in the Middle Ages but as the music got more complicated and simple accompaniment wasn’t enough it was soon swallowed by progress.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Next we come to a point in time where a great leap had to be made. Musicians had made positive steps forward in the way of pitch and time but of only one or two notes at a time. What was needed was an in instrument that gave players control of many pitches simultaneously. The mechanism ... ...;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New York, NY: Crown Pub. Inc., 1973.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Donnington, R. Music and its Instruments   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New York, NY: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1982.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gaines, James R., Ed. The Lives of the Piano   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New York, NY: The Hilltown Press Inc., 1981.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mason, Merle H., Comp. Piano Parts and Their Functions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Seattle, WA: Piano Technicians Guild, 1977.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pollens, S. The Early Pianoforte   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1995.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stolba, Marie K. The Development of Western Music   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rev. Ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill Comp., 1998.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  White, William B. Theory & Practice of Piano Construction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New York, NY: Dover Publications, Inc., 1975.

A Scene from the Diving Bell and the Butterfly

â€Å"There’s nothing creative about living within your means. † – Francis Ford Coppola. What Francis is saying in this quote is that creativity is essential for film production. When we taped our scene The Outing from The Diving Bell and the Butterfly creative ideas were always taken into contemplation. Weather it would be the surroundings of the film, the dialogue, or the way we made Jean Bauby be perceived, imagination was key in our production process. One of our film techniques was scenery. We found it best to begin our film with the lonely hospital setting. For our viewers, this made the film seem more isolated and secluded. We wanted this affect for our audience because in the actual story, Jean was sad and sheltered from his surroundings, just like you would be in a hospital when you are not able to take care of yourself. Imagery is what creates the vivid representation in our minds by playing on the senses. Dialogue, also know as script, was very important when making our film. Dialogue prevents accidents, sets goals, and scripts help communication and streamline revision. With the use of this filming concept, our group easily accomplished the task of filming all our scenes in an organized fashion with no problems. Our group never came across the struggle of knowing what we were going to film before we actually filmed it. Perception was furthermore a key ingredient when constructing our scene. We created the clip from our understanding of the authors writing. My group had to go though the process of taking the actual text, forming an image in our minds, and then be able to take all of our different creative ideas and make it into a film. This was challenging but then again, through the use of a storyboard, this process became straightforward. With the thorough development of our motion picture, many various film techniques helped us with the theme and overall conception of our clip. In the end, our group easily took written concepts and formed them into an image in which we then filmed. Weather it would be the surroundings of the film, the dialogue, or the way we made Jean Bauby be perceived, imagination was key in our production process, all of these factors came into play during the final stages of not only making our film, but teaching us how we used what we learned to make a final product from it.

Accounting as an Information System, Hasstrengths and Weaknesses

The Disadvantages of Accounting Information Systems 1. An accounting information system is designed for businesses to use for recording their financial transactions. Information is entered, processed, stored and distributed through this type of system. Accounting information systems have many benefits; however, there are also some disadvantages to them. Learning the System 2. Learning an accounting information system can often be difficult and time-consuming. Individuals must be trained on a system, and this can cause a disadvantage to companies in terms of time and manpower.An accounting information system is made up of many different components, and almost all systems are computerized. Because of their complexity, some people may find them hard to use. It can take weeks or months for a person to understand an accounting system, and usually the individual still does not understand completely what the system is capable of. If the employee quits working at the organization, it can tak e weeks or months, once again, to train another employee. Loss of Information 3.Accounting information systems are usually computerized. Because of this, there is always a risk of losing information through power outages or system crashes. When this happens, there is a chance that all the information in the system could be lost. Companies take precautions for this problem by backing up their files regularly and performing standard maintenance on all computer systems. They also install anti-virus software as another precaution. Still, none of these steps eliminates the potential problem that may occur.Accounting information systems store a company's financial information for years. If a system crash occurs, it causes a major disadvantage to the company. All, or some, information is lost, and there's a chance it may never be recovered. Re-evaluation 4. Companies often change their way of doing business to keep up with the latest trends. To keep up in a demanding business world, these changes may impact an accounting system. An accounting information system is difficult to set up because every company is unique in its own way.In order to keep up with changes, accounting information systems must be re-evaluated often. Changes often need to be made in a system in order to process information efficiently. This can be a disadvantage to companies because it takes time for the re-evaluation, and it costs moneyRead more: The Disadvantages of Accounting Information Systems | eHow. com http://www. ehow. com/list_6767205_disadvantages-accounting-information-systems. html#ixzz17DVgqkpH By Jennifer VanBaren, eHow Contributor updated: July 24, 2010

An Investigation of the Impact of the Financial Crisis on the UAE Real Estate Market The WritePass Journal

An Investigation of the Impact of the Financial Crisis on the UAE Real Estate Market Background An Investigation of the Impact of the Financial Crisis on the UAE Real Estate Market ). This statement is indeed true for the United Arab Emirates which over the last decade has recorded strong growth in its real estate market on one hand. And on the other hand has seen marked decline as a result of the global financial crisis which began in 2007. The crisis has caused significant decline to the real estate development and activities of the UAE economy prior to which the Emirates enjoyed an unprecedented real estate growth which was above any other in the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC region) (Kamco Research, 2010). In nominal term, research shows that the industry recorded a CAGR of 20% from the early 2000s to 2007 and as of 2007 the market showed a strong growth rate of over 21% with real estate constituting about 8% of the country’s total GDP estimated at over (15 billion USD) (Whatley, 2011). Given the country’s attractive position as a global tourist and investment destination, infrastructural growth and development of tourist sites and hotels as well as other entertainment and hospitability sectors has buoyed the real estate growth of the country. Indeed prior to the financial crisis, demands for properties were said to have significantly outweighed supply in both private and commercial real estate markets (Kuwait Finance House, 2011). Indeed, according to the Kuwait Finance House (2011), â€Å"there is still a shortage of units in the residential and commercial segments due to the unprecedented economic boom, high employment growth, foreign companies setting up base in the country, and huge inflow of expatriates†. The Kuwait Finance House further notes that the main factors underpinning the Emirates rapid real estate market growth are: Solid macroeconomic foundation, Public expenditure and huge fiscal surplus, Dollar-dirham peg and the record high inflati on rates given that stubbornly high rates of inflation in the country rationalises investment decisions into the real estate market since property is used as a hedge against inflation. It has been noted indeed that inflation has overtaken official lending rates in the Emirates thus it is cheaper for people to borrow than to keep money in deposit accounts, therefore real estate investment is considered as a realistic way of hedging against inflation (Albayan, 2009). In addition to the above stated factors, the Kuwait Finance House also suggests that part of the drivers of the Emirates real estate market are population growth, abundant liquidity and finally the availability of Islamic banking. The irony of the real estate market growth of the economy is that while most of the factors which gave rise its emergence has helped to hedge against the global financial crisis at the very start of the crisis, many of the factors also contributed to its decline. The financial crisis of 2007 did not start to unfold on the Emirates economy until the third quarter of 2008 but when its impacts downed on the economy, it put to test a growth that has been unprecedented in any region in the Middle East for the past 10 years (Albayan, 2009). According to Kamco Research (2011) at the heat of the financial crisis in 2009, the government asked the Dubai World which is its official real estate investment agency to stop all investment activities until March 2010 as a r esult of what it described as ‘terrible impact of the crises until when its impact might have subsided. Since 2009, the Dubai World has laid off over 10,500 construction staff with Dubai World’s debt standing at over $59 billion. As of 2009, the emirates debt was put at $80 billion. While at first quarter of 2009, the Abu Dhabi investment agency offered to help Dubai amidst its real estate market collapse, Abu Dhabi also felt the impact of the crisis as a result of the global crisis. As of the first quarter of 2009, the real estate market plunged by almost 70% of the pre-crisis value and of the 980 ongoing real estate projects in Dubai, only 47 were completed in 2009 with about 500  registered with the Real Estate Regulatory Agency (Rera) cancelled. Since most investment into the emirate’s real estate market were from investors abroad with over 70% investment being FDI, the crisis which started from the United States and Europe unleashed   its impact on the emirates as investors could not get funds from their western financiers and the rate of financial liquidity which initially increased the crisis reduced in the economy. Albayan (2009) also notes that most of the factors which led to the demands of real estate in the emirates were stunted. For instance he notes that the demand for tourism declined significantly thus affecting hotels rate of occupancy. This also led to the impact of the crisis felt in ongoing developments. While several accounts have been put forward to rationalise the real estate market decline in relation to the financial crisis, knowledge about the country’s real market decline amidst the crisis is still skewed. Besides, as the market is still struggling to come back to the pre-crisis period, there are concerns that if the real causes to the decline are not identified, there will be difficulty in moving forward and achieving the needed growth. In view of this background, the proposed dissertation will critically explore the impact of the financial crisis on the real estate market. The dissertation is concerned with identifying and examining the main causal factors responsible for transmitting the impact of the crisis on the real estate market and the varying strategies that have been employed to mitigate future impacts. The following are the specific aims and objectives of the dissertation. Research Objectives: Investigate the similarities or differences between UAE real estate markets, and those in the UK. Ascertain the reasons why the global financial crisis could have had an impact on the UAE real estate, especially given differences in banking principles. Ascertain the role of Islamic banking in mitigating the impact of the financial crises. Investigate the direct and indirect impacts that the financial crisis had on the UAE real estate market, and its subsequent impact on the UAE economy. 1.3 Research Question How has the financial crisis impacted upon the UAE real estate market? 2.0 Literature Review   The 2007 global economic and financial Crisis which started from the US subprime mortgage crisis has affected virtually all the countries around the world given the interconnectedness of the global economy. The crisis which led to the collapse of several well known institutions such as Lehman Brothers also led to the bailout of financial institutions, and the near collapse of many governments as well as downturns in stocks markets around the world (Bob, 2012). As a result of the crisis, there have been credit default problems, negative interest rate movements, inflation rate fluctuation and several distortions in the financial agreement of many financial obligations and agreements. As the credit crisis led to the collapse of financial institutions, it became problematic for investors to expend more on their business commitments and financial obligations as borrowing became squeezed as the liquidity ratios of many banks almost diminished (TIME Magazine  Friday, April 10, 2009). While the crisis has unleashed its impact on every economy and the Emirate’s economy in particular on one hand through its heavy financial implication, it has on the other hand had huge impact on other Emirate’s industries. As noted by Kamco Research (2011), the financial crisis started to affect the UAE through the decline of tourists and tourism activities which further led to decreased demand for housing and real estate as well as hospitality and h otels in particular. Kamco Research notes that since investors income started to nosedive as a result of low hotel occupancy and diminishing tourism activities which once fuelled the real estate market, this led to falling profits and investors started to abort new projects. As noted by Wam (2010), when the crisis started in UAE in late 2008, over 150 real estate investment projects were called off by investors who had started to fall into trouble with their financial institutions regarding their financial agreements. The Citibank notes that: â€Å"real estate projects worth 170 billion USD have been cancelled since the financial crisis explosion with rents seeing a decline of over four fifths since 2008. Also, Al Futtaim a Real Estate group in Dubai during the financial crisis stopped work on the Dubai Festival City which was billed to cost almost 3 billion USD. Similarly, major projects were stalled such as hotel and other developments were stalled. For instance, Four Seasons Ho tel and the Al Badia Business Centre which are major real estate development projects were stopped. According to the Executive Magazine, the company has taken this step in order to benefit from a further fall in construction costs due to the financial crisis, which would enable it to reduce its expenses. At the same time, the UAE government which has enjoyed almost a decade of surplus fiscal regime had started to feel the impact of the crisis as the government debt has quickly risen to over $30 billion as of early 2008. The government’s bad fiscal position led it to order the Dubai Corporation to stop all real estate market activities while the heat of the crisis subsides. While the Kuwait Finance House had in 2008 earlier predicted that the UAE will not feel the global credit squeeze due to private consumption growth that is likely to remain strong as well as the population growth of expatriates in the country who boosted consumer confidence. The financial crisis at its peak contrarily affected the growth of private consumption in a lot of ways. According to Mintel Research (2010), â€Å"since private institutions were unable to obtain credits from banks to sustain different projects and demands for almost entirely all services declined, private consumption growth was affect ed to much that it took the UAE back to a pre-20 year period when it could the country could not be found on the face of the earth†. Following the crisis, the government has taken several steps to mitigate the impact of the crisis (Global Property Guide, 2011). The central bank has for instance begun to overhaul the banking system by raising bank’s liquidity ratio in order to encourage banks to give credit while the capital base has also increased (Hatoum, 2012). As a result of the steps taken by the central bank and other government agencies, the UAE reality market has began to emerge out of the crisis. Dubai’s residential real estate market is finally recovering after hitting bottom, while neighbouring Abu Dhabi continues to struggle. A property index published by Zawya Dow Jones (2012) shows that the home prices in Dubai saw a rise of almost 7.6 percent for the year at the start of 2012, but prices in Abu Dhabi dropped 4.1% in the same time period. 3.0 Methodology The methodology is an important element of the research process which shows the design elements of the research particularly with regard to data collection and the adopted techniques as well as their justification. Accordingly, this section of the proposal sets out the proposed methodology of the dissertation. The current literature shows the existence of two approaches to research: namely the deductive and inductive methods (Saunders et al, 2003). While the deductive approach is leaned towards a scientific evaluation or understanding of data as well as the relationship between variables, the inductive approach owes much to gaining an understanding of the meanings humans attach to events as well as the research context (Saunders et al, 2003). The merits of both approaches have been considered useful for the proposed dissertation; hence both the deductive and inductive research will be employed. The inductive approach will employed in specific in order to be able to understand the bro ad experiences, causes, problems and important factors which underlined the global financial crisis and how it affected the real estate market of the Emirates. As the approach which helps to understand events and how they occurred, it is expected the deductive approach will offer insight into other broad issues regarding the financial crisis and its broad effects on the UAE reality and other markets. The inductive approach on the other hand will be employed based on the need to critically analyse the major effects of the crisis, the approach will also help to gain knowledge into numbers and figures which are key to understanding the real nature and effects of the crisis. The approach is also highly favoured due to what Hussey and Hussey (1997) describe as some of the characteristics of the deductive research approach which fits well into the objectives of the proposed dissertation. This includes: The use of statistical methods in testing samples The uses a highly structured methodology in order to enhance reproducibility of the results An exploration of relationships between complex variables Concerning the strategy suitable for the dissertation, the exploratory research methods have been considered useful given that it is the one used explore phenomena that are yet to be studied or to further explore areas that have received few investigations as is the proposed dissertation. As noted by Silverman (1993), exploratory research seeks to understand a particular phenomenon as well as to gain new insights and perspectives on the phenomenon under investigation. Saunders et al (2003) note an advantage of exploratory research as being its flexibility and adaptability permitting the researcher to easily take on any direction that the data may dictate in the course of gathering the data. Data Collection Given the complexity of primary data collection such as access to the needed respondents, resources and time which the research lacks altogether, it would be impossible to use primary data collection as the main source of data gathering for the proposed dissertation. Hence, secondary data will be used in a way that would allow the researcher to analyse the UAE real estate market and the impact of the crisis. Secondary data will be mainly collected from the Newspapers and UAE authorities such as the Dubai World and the Abu Dhabi Investment authority. The option of data gathering would be employed because the country lacks an organised data gathering system with anyone unique database regarding the property market unidentifiable (See: Ameinfo.com November 24, 2009). With regard to data, the real estate market would be examined in specific and about 20 real estate projects will be critically analysed. The analysis will be based upon how the financial crisis affected the various real estate development projects and the extent of the impact. The dissertation will be a longitudinal study and will focus on the crisis period between 2007 and 2010 when the heat of the crisis were most severe.    Activities July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Start the thesis +++++ Complete Chapters 1 2 +++++ Data collection begins +++++ Start with Methodology +++++ Begin to analyse data +++++ Check analysis for consistency +++++ Get supervisor’s approval +++++ Start with the final chapter +++++ Get the dissertation edited and checked +++++ Get supervisor’s final approval +++++ Correct mistakes +++++ TIMESCALE: GANTT CHART References Albayan, M. (2009). The Global Financial Crisis and the GCC region, Research Series Ameinfo.com (November 24 – 2009). Lack of data hampers Dubai property market forecasts, Available at: ameinfo.com/217619.html Bob, I. (September 24, 2008).  (quoting Joshua Rosner as stating Its not a liquidity problem, its a valuation problem. Bloomberg, Retrieved June 6, 2012 Executive Magazine (Jun 11, 2012). UAE Construction hits the wall, Available at: executive-magazine.com/getarticle.php?article=11520, Accessed: 13th June, 2012. Global Economic Research (March, 2012). Global Real Estate Trends, available at: gbm.scotiabank.com/English/bns_econ/retrends.pdf Hussey, J. and Hussey, R. (1997) Business Research: A Practical Guide for Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students, Basingstoke: Macmillan Business. Silverman D (1993). Interpreting Qualitative Data: Methods for Analyzing Talks, Text  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and Interaction, London: Sage. Saunders M, Lewis P and Thornhill A (2003). Research Methods for Business  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Studies, 4th edn, Harlow: Pearson Education Kuwait Finance House (2011). 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